Method of casting metal on a metal core



H. E. PAYNE. METHOD or CASTINGMETAL ON A METAL 0on5.

' APPLICATION FILED FEB. 7. 1919. 1,355,255.

reclaiming of worn tools,

' contraction on cooling.

' method herein UNITED STAES PENT OFICE.

HERBERT E. PAYNE, OF HIGHLAND PARK, MICHIGAN, ASSTGNOR OF THREE SIX- TEENTHS TO CHARLES E. WISNER, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

METHOD OF CASTING METAL ON A METAL CORE.

Application filed February 7, 1919.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HERBERT E ldarnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Highland Park, county of \Vayne, State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Methods of tasting Metal on a Metal Core, and declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a method of casting metal on ametal core or base for the and for similar purposes, and an object of this invention is to provide a method whereby a metal shell, for instance of iron or steel may be cast onto a metal core of iron or steel without a subsequent fracturing of the shell due to ts An additional object of the invention is a method of casting a shell of very hard metal as, for instance, Stellite or the composition disclosed in my pending application Serial No. 265,939 on a core to provide a surface that may be ground or otherwise shaped to size and in which a cushion is interposed between the shell and core or body of the tool to permit contraction of the shell in cooling without consequent fracture of the material. These objects and a specific application of the method is hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and the method exemplified in the drawings in which- Figure 1 represents a tool on the body of which is to be cast a shell of metal.

Fig. 2 is an end view thereof after the metal has been cast thereon.

In casting metal of the character above mentioned on an iron or steel core without the preparatory steps hereinafter described, the shell will contract to a greater extent than the core, due to its having been expanded to a greater extent than the core, causing fracture upon cooling. By the described, an iron or steel shell or surface of metal may be cast onto a core without destroying the form of the core and without resulting in fracture of the cast on material. The method consists essentially in first coating the core with oil as, for instance linseed oil, and then covering the surface of the core with powdered Specification of Letters Patent.

" pansion as Nevertheless,

Patented Oct. 312, 1920.

Serial No. 275,533.

graphite which may be placing the oiled core or body in powdered graphite, the oil causing a film of graphite to adhere thereto sufficient for the purpose hereinafter described. By this method a graphite surface of practically uniform thickness is secured on the oiled core or part of the core as the case may be. After the graphite has been placed on the core, the core is then heated at least to cherry red and placed in a previously prepared mold and the molten metal is then poured into the mold about the pre Jared core to provide the cast on shell. pon cooling, this metal is ready for the finishing operation which may be of various characters depending upon the character of device or core on which the metal is cast.

The metal core adapted for the purpose of receiving the cast on shell of iron or stellite of the character stated should have practically the same coefiicient of the exthe material to be cast thereon. due to the fact that the core is only heated to cherry red, the extent of contraction of the core upon cooling is less than the extent of contraction of the mareadily done by terial cast thereonto which would result in a fracture of the shell without provision of the graphite cushion which permits of greater contraction of the shell without undue strain of the particles thereof. This cushion, upon pouring the molten metal about the core, prevents the metal at first from actually contacting the core, but as the shell and core cool the graphite appears to permeate the inner face of the shell and allows the shell to contract into contact with the core to an extent sufficient to practically prevent separation of the shell and core.

This method may be used wherever it is desired to cast a metal on a core and a practical and commercially valuable use of the method is in the reclaiming of tools which have become worn or otherwise unfitted for use by marring of the surface etc. The drawing Fig. 1 represents. a side view of an ordinary plug gage and to reclaim such a tool, a metal commerci lly known as stellite, or a metal'of the com osition shown in my pending application erial No. 265,939 may be cast onto the body of the ga e in the manner above described and the sur ace then ground to make the next larger size of the gage. By use of the very hard metal Stel- I 1s possible with the metals usually used for metal thereonto,

this purpose and a discarded or defective tool again made fully as useful as originally. In casting metal on a tool of this character I prefer to provide the longitudinal groove 1 therein and a circumferential groove 2 into which the metal of the shell may extend and then after it has been oiled and graphited after the manner described, a shell is cast thereonto as indicated by dotted lines 3 m Fig. 1 and in full lines in Fig. 2. While I have illustrated but one character of tool that may be reclaimed by the casting of it will occur to anyone familiar with the ordinary shop tools that various types of said tools may be reclaimed after becoming worn or defaced. It may often be found necessary to grind off a portion of the tool in order that a new metal may be cast onto the remaining portion and ground back to the necessary size. For instance in the plug gage mentioned, instead of making the next larger size of gage by casting the shell thereonto the body of the gage may be cut down one-eighth of an inch or more and a new shell cast thereonto and ground to the original size of the tool, and this principle may be employed with various types of tools, the exact method or renewal of material bein determined by the character and type 0 the tool to be reclaimed. Various uses of the method herein described may be made other than the reclaiming of tools as herein specifically set forth. Broadly, the invention consists in the method of casting metal on a core, and spe cifically, in the reclaiming of tools and similar uses of the method.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is- 1. The method of casting metal on a metal core consisting in first coating the core with graphite, then heating the core to a cherry red, positioning the core in a mold and pouring molten metal thereinto about the core.

, 2. The method of casting metal on a metal core, the steps consisting in first coating the core with graphite and then heating the same previous to casting the molten metal thereon.

3. The herein described method of casting metal on a metal core consisting in first coatoil, then covering the same with graphite, the oil retaining the graphite in a coat of substantially uniform thickness, then heating the coated core to about cherry red, placing the heated core in a previously prepared mold and pouring the molten metal about the graphite covered core.

4. The method of casting Stellite or metal of similar hardness on a core of steel or iron consisting in first coating the soft metal core with graphite or a similar substance, heating the core to about cherry red, andplacing the core in a previously prepared mold and while the core is still heated casting or pouring a molten metal into the mold about the core.

5. The method of reclaiming Worn or defective tools which consists in casting a very hard metal as Stellite or the like thereonto, the casting being performed by first coating the desired portion of the tool with graphite and heating the same toabout cherry red, placing the tool in a previously mold and pouring molten Stellite or the like thereinto about the graphite coated portion While heated. and then finally shaping the cast on metal to the desired form.

6. The method of reclaiming worn or de fective tools consisting in first preparing the defective tool after the manner described, then coating the prepared portion with ing the core with an graphite, then placing the prepared tool in.

a mold of the necessary form and casting molten metal thereonto conforming substantially to the desired shape, and finally finishing to the original shape of the replaced portion.

7. The method of reclaiming worn or de fective tools which consists in first removing a portion of the defective part and then building up the part by casting a very hard metal as Stellite or the like thereonto, the

prepared casting being performed by first coating the prepared part with graphite or the like, then heating the tool or said part until about cherry red, placing the tool in a previously prepared mold and while still heated pouring molten Stellite or the like into the mold about the said prepared part, andfinally shaping the cast on metal to the desired form.

In testimony whereof I sign this speci'- fication. HERBERT E. PAYNE. 

